Ama-capacitors, okuyisisekelo ekusebenziseni kwabo imiphumela yendawo, aqukethe amapuleti amabili e-elektrode.Cabanga ngakunye uhlangothi oluhlotshiswe ngecala elihle;I-conferic yayo izibuko lokhu, isungula insimu kagesi phakathi kwabo.Umnyombo wale nkambu?Voltage, kuchazwe umehluko ongaba khona.
Lapho i-voltage isetshenziswa kulawa ma-elektrodi, ama-elektroni aqala uhambo olusensimini kagesi.Ekuqaleni, ubukhulu bensimu yi-nil, kepha i-burgeons, ilwela ukufanisa insimu kagesi yangaphandle.Ngokunjalo, okunciphise kwamanje ku-zero njengoba i-voltage ekhuphuka, ifinyelela ukulingana nge-voltage yangaphandle.Lapha kukhona amandla weCapacitor okugcina amandla.
Cabanga nge-DC voltage kuyo yonke iCapacitor.Inkambu kagesi yangaphakathi imile, ngokuvumelana nensimu yangaphandle.Lokhu kulingana kuphumela kwisimo sokujikeleza esivulekile - akukho okwamanje, yingakho i-DC yokuzihlukanisa.
Icebo likhula linamanzi aguqukayo kulo lonke i-capacitor.Inkambu kagesi yangaphakathi, uma iqinile, manje iyathuthumela ekuvuselweni kabusha kwensimu yangaphandle, iphinde ibuyiselwe esimweni sendawo - wamukelekile emuva, ukuxhumana.Ngokuphambano ngokulandelana, ukuguqulwa kwamanje kwangemuva kwensimu kagesi, okuholela ekutheni kusigaba esinelukuluku lapho isigaba samanje sibonakala sandulela isigaba se-voltage.
Okwamanje ukubheka umjikelezo, umehluko ongaba khona awunakuxoxisana.Kungamandla okushayela ngemuva kokuhamba kwezimali kwamacala, afinyelela esimweni samanje.Uma umehluko ongaba khona ukhona ngaphesheya kweziphetho ze-wire, kuyalandela ngokungenakuphikiswa.Sika umjikelezo, futhi ngenkathi ama-voltage lingers emaphethelweni womabili, umgoqo ongenamkhawulo uvimbela ukunyakaza kwenkokhiso - akukho okwamanje.
Kepha nakhu okusontekile: Okwamanje akuwona iqiniso elivaliwe.Ukuhamba kwamacala alingana namanje, aqhutshwa ngumehluko ongaba khona.Ngisho esifundeni esivulekile, uma kukhona ukungafani kwe-voltage, lindela okwamanje.Umangele?I-capacitor isibonelo lokhu.Naphezu kwesakhiwo saso esivulekile - lapho ukumelana khona kokufakelwa okuphezulu kungcono - kusaphatha khona indlela yamanje.
Kanjani?Cabanga isifunda nge-capacitor, ekuqaleni switch-off, mahhala.Flip switch, ne-voila, ukugeleza kwamanje, ukukhanyisa noma yimaphi ama-bulbs axhumene uchungechunge.Kepha zindla ngalokhu: Ngabe bekukhona umehluko phakathi kwepuleti ye-capacitor kanye nokuxhumeka kwangaphambi komthombo wamandla?Yebo, futhi nakhu.
Lapho exhumanisa amandla kagesi, ipuleti elixhumene nesigxobo esihle ekuqaleni lizithola ngamandla aphansi kune-electrode enhle, okubangela kwamanje.Njengoba ama-Electrons athutha, ukunyuka kwamapulangwe epuleti, ekugcineni kuhambisana nesigxobo esihle, ukuyeka ukunyakaza kwe-elektroni nakwamanje.Ngokufanayo, ipuleti elixhunywe esigxotsheni esingesihle, ekuqaleni endaweni ephezulu, ibona ama-elektroni agijimela kuwo, wehlisa amandla ayo kuze kube yilapho iqondanisa nesigxobo esingesihle.
Lokhu kwamanje, nokho, kuyisivakashi esidlulayo, kuvela futhi kunyamalala ngejubane le-breakneck.Ngokunqamulwa kwesekethelwa, akukho ukunyakaza okukhokhiswayo ku-bulb, kusiholela ekutheni siphethele ngephutha ukungabikho kwamanje.Vala umjikelezo, futhi ama-elektroni aqondanisa ekuhambeni nasebuntweni, adala ukugeleza kwamanje - okuwumnyoxo kagesi.